Legis
Trade
Executive order · Thursday 31 July 2025

Further Modifying The Reciprocal Tariff Rates

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  • The President, by authority under various U.S. laws, declares a national emergency related to persistent U.S. goods trade deficits, viewing them as a threat to national security and the economy.

  • Additional duties on certain goods from specific trading partners are imposed to address these trade deficits; these apply alongside provisions of Executive Order 14257.

  • Key Points of the Order:

    • Modification of Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTSUS): Changes to the HTSUS will take effect for goods entered after a specified time frame.
    • Duties for European Union Goods: Additional duties for EU goods are defined based on their current tariff rates, with a minimum combined duty of 15%.
    • General Additional Duties: Goods from partners not listed will incur a 10% additional duty.
    • Penalties for Circumvention: Goods determined to be transshipped to evade applicable duties will face a 40% duty plus additional fines.
  • The Secretary of Commerce and the U.S. Trade Representative will monitor trade relationships and advise the President on further actions needed to address the emergency.

  • A consortium of senior officials is tasked with implementing, modifying, and advising on the order's measures to ensure compliance and enforcement.

  • Provisions for potential future actions include adapting to foreign partners' steps in trade negotiations.

  • The order asserts that if any aspect is found invalid, it does not affect the remaining provisions.

  • The order does not create any enforceable rights for parties against the U.S. government.